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Objective To establish cardiac catheterization room nursing quality sensitive indicator system based on the structure-process-outcome theory, so as to guide clinical nursing and evaluate cardiac catheterization room nursing quality. Methods Based on structure-process-outcome theory,the sensitive indicator system were established by literature review,expert group discussion, Delphi method .Results The returning rates of questionnaires in the first and second round expert consultation were100.00% and 96.77%, respectively. The authority coefficient of the experts was 0.88, and the coordination coefficient of experts′ opinion was 0.293. The program included 3 first indexes, 17 second index, and 55 items. Conclusion The result of the study is scientifically reliable and credible, which can provide evaluation for the clinical nursing operation.
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Objective To investigate the effects of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) on the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and intedeukin-10 (IL-10) by peri-pheral blood monohuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with psoriasis vulgaris. Methods Heparinized peri-pheral blood was obtained from 20 patients with psoriasis vulgaris and 10 healthy human controls. PBMCs were isolated, cultured in complete medium, and stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) alone, the com-bination of PHA and various concentrations of alpha-MSH, or nothing. After another 48-hour culture, ELISA and real-time PCR were performed to measure the secretion levels of TNF-alpha and IL-10 in the super-natants of cultured PBMCs as well as the mRNA expression levels of TNF-alpha and IL-10 in PBMCs. Results The secretion level of TNF-alpha in the supematants of patient-derived PBMCs stimulated by nothing or PHA alone was significantly higher than that from normal control-derived PBMCs (329.87 ± 99.33 ng/L vs 116.95 ± 37.15 ng/L, 1756.01 ± 183.60 ng/L vs 1287.30 ± 152.36 ng/L, both P<0.01). alpha-MSH of all tested concentrations (10-13, 10-11, 10-7,mol/L) could inhibit the secretion of TNF-alpha by PBMCs com-pared with PHA alone (all P < 0.01), and the maximum effective concentration was 10-13 mol/L. On the con-Wary, a significant decrease was observed in the secretion level of IL-10 in the supematants of patient-derived PBMCs stimulated by nothing or PHA alone compared with normal control-derived PBMCs (P <0.05 or 0.01). Moreover, the secretion of IL-10 by PBMCs was promoted by alpha-MSH of all tested con-centrations (P < 0.01 or 0.05), with the maximum effective concentration being 10-13 mol/L (P < 0.01). The alpha-MSH of 10-13 mol/L down-regulated the mRNA expression of TNF-alpha (P < 0.001), but up-regnlated that of IL-10 (P < 0.001) in PHA-stimulated PBMCs from patients. Conclusion alpha-MSH can regulate the production of TNF-alpha and IL-10 by PHA-stimulated PBMCs from patients with psoriasis vulgaris.
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Objective To estimate the influence of abnormal glucose metabolism during pregnancy and family history of cardio-cerebrovascular disease and/or diabetes on umbilical C-peptide concentrations. Methods Chesed 85 pregnant women who had prenatal examination and their newborns as the subjects. Thirty-six newborns of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus, impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes mellitus with pregnancy and 49 newborns of mothers with normal glucose tolerance were randomly chosed as the control group. All newborns were also classified according to whether their maternal grandparents had history of diabetes and/or cardio-cerebrovaacular disease. Therefore, there were four groups in this study: 25 newborns in group A were of diabetic mothers and positive family history, 11 newborns in group B were of diabetic mothers but negative family history, 9 newborns in group C were of mothers with normal glucose tolerance but positive family history, 40 newborns in group D were of mothers with normal glucose tolerance and negative family history. The blood samples of umbilical veins were collected at the time of delivery. Umbilical C-peptide levels of the four groups were measured by radioimmunonssay. Results The umbilical C-peptide concentrations of newborns in group A, B, C, D were (2.22±1.52), (1.44±0.63), (1.13± 0.34), (1.31±0.69) μg/L respectively, the umbilical C-peptide concentrations of newborns in group A were elevated compared to those of other three groups (F=5.11, P=0.003), and there were no significant differences in C-peptide levels of newborns between the three groups (group B vs C P=0.499, group B vs D P=0.694, group C vs D P=0.642). Conclusion Special attention should be given to newborns of diabetic mothers and whose maternal grandparents have history of diabetes and/or cardio-cerebrovascular disease.
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Purpose The aim is to study the preventing effect and me chanism of chitosan on fatty liver rats.Methods The rats give n a lo w dose of carbon tetrachloride(CCl4) and fed a high-fat diet to induce fatty liver model were treated with chitosan in different concentrations.The extensio n of steatosis area and changes in mitochondrial ultrastructure in liver were es timated by a computer color image analysis system and a quantitative analysis(st ereology).Results When rats were treated with a mid dose of c hitosan [4g/(kg*d)],the degree of hepatocytic steatosis was markedly diminished, and the injured mitochondrial structure was improved compared with model group.Co nclusion It was suggested that chitosan might enhance the oxidative catabolism of lipid in fatty liver.
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AIM: To investigate the role of expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ?(PPAR ?) in pathogenesis of rat fatty liver.METHODS: The rats were treated with a low dose of carbon terachloride (CCl 4) and fed a high fat diet to produce fatty liver. We determined the concentrations of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), free fatty acid (FFA) in liver and the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity, tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?), FFA in serum and the degree of hepatocytic steatosis. Total RNA of liver was extracted, and the expression of PPAR ? were analyzed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR method. RESULTS: In model group, the hepatocytic PPAR ? mRNA expression decreased to 0 41?0 28, compared to 1 41?0 29 in the control group ( P
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Aim: To study the effects of chitosan on hepatic lipids in fatty liver rats. Methods: The rats given a low does of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and fed a high-fat diet were treated with chitosan in different doses. Results: When rats were treated with mid dose of chitosan (4mg? g~-1?d~-1), the contents of triglycerde (TG). total cholesterol (TC) in liver decreased significantly, the level of mitochondria malonal-dialdehyde (MDA) was markedly attenuated and the mitochondria membrane fluidity was restored, which compared with model group. Conclusion: Chitosan may decrease the hepatic lipids by reduced the lipid peroxida- tion and restored mitochondria membrane fluidity to improve the mitochondrial beta-oxida- tion.
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Object:Investigate the protective effect of chitosan (CTS) on rat fatty liver.Methods:Male Sprague Dawley rats were treated with a low dose of carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4) and fed a high fat diet to produce fatty liver model.At the same time,the protective groups were treated with chitosan in different concentration,then observe the steatosis degree and determined the contents of lipids in the rats liver.Results:Combine use of CCl 4 and high fat diet caused the contents of triglyceride(TG)、total cholesterol (TC) in liver increased significantly,pathological examinations showed the swelling hepaocytes full of lipid droplets inside of them while the treated groups displayed a moderated steatosis degree and lower TG、TC compared with model group,which effects in a dose dependent mode.Moreover,this study also demonstrated that the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was depleted in fatty liver,and it recovered with the reduce of TG、TC by treated with the drugs.Conclusions:The results show that chitosan have protective effect,on fat liver injury,and the protection may be associated with interfere of lipids absorption in intestine,improve liver ability of antioxidation and then increase the lipolysis and remove of TG from the liver.
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A rapid thin flat gel isoelectric focusing method followed by ultrasensitive silver staining was developed for the determination of apo E phenotypes. Using this method, apo E phenotypes and allele frequencies in 63 normal individuals, 70 patients with hyperlipidemia and 11 patients with familial hypereholesterolemia (FH) in Nanjing were examined. TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, VLDL-C, VLDL-TG in these cases were also measured. The relative frequency of the ?4 allele is significantly lower while the relative frequency of the ?3 allele is higher in this group than in the Caucasian group. Plasma TG, VLDL-TG, VLDL-C and VLDL-C/VLDL-TG are higher in the apo E3/2 phenotype, and lower in the apo E4/3 phenotype, wherea splasma TC, LDL-C levels are lower in the apo-E3/2 and higher in the apo E4/3 phenotype. It implies that the ?2 allele has the action of increasing TG-rich lipoprotein particles and reducing ch-rich lipoproteins in plasma, while the ?4 allele has an effect opposite to that of the ?2 allele. The highest prevalence of the ?4 allele was associated with type Ⅱb hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP), while that of the ?2 allele was associated with type Ⅲ-HLP. The frequency of ?2, ?4 are higher in FH patients as compared with normal subjects.